An electric FenceFast uses a combination of electricity and deterrence to keep animals away from a defined area. This is a very effective management tool for many species of wildlife, including domesticated animals and pests. However, the effectiveness of an electric Fence depends on how it is maintained and how its power source (the energizer) is managed.

The energizer converts mains electrical energy into a brief pulse of electric current. One of its terminals is connected to a wire in the fence which is in turn attached to metal rods embedded in the ground, called ground or earth rods. The other terminal is connected to a negative grounding system which absorbs excess pulse energy and returns it back to the energizer. If an animal touches the fence and ground simultaneously during a pulse, the circuit is completed and the animal receives an electric shock. The effects of the shock depend upon the voltage, the energy of the pulse, the degree of contact between the fence and ground and the route of the current through the body; it can range from barely noticeable to uncomfortable, painful or lethal.

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Unlike a traditional wooden or wire fence, an electric Fence requires no regular maintenance to keep it in working order except for testing the voltage with a voltage meter and preventing grass and other objects from touching the wires. It is also very quick to set up and much cheaper than a conventional fence, with little need for posts and with no need to paint or stain it.